The malaria map: How a 74,000-year war with a tiny parasite forced humanity to rearrange the world

For over 70,000 years, the malaria parasite has profoundly shaped human migration and settlement patterns, forcing ancestors to abandon fertile but dangerous regions for higher, safer ground. This ancient battle for survival not only influenced our genetic makeup, like the sickle cell mutation, but also dictated societal structures and the very distribution of human genetic diversity across the globe.

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